Controversies
Controversies tied to this brand in public sources. A listing is not a finding of fault.
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1998
WTO challenge to the national-car program
Japan, the United States, and the European Communities challenged Indonesia's national-car measures. The WTO found the benefits inconsistent with WTO subsidy and trade rules.
1996
Political favoritism and tax privileges
TPN's designation as the sole national-car pioneer, its control by the president's son, and its exemption from import duties and luxury taxes generated allegations of political favoritism and unfair competition.