Abel Cathrines Stiftelse

Abel Cathrines Stiftelse is a historic charitable foundation and building in Copenhagen, Denmark. It was created in 1675 by Abel Cathrine von der Wisch, a woman connected to the court of Queen Sophie Amalie. Through a testament dated 27 December 1675, shortly before her death, von der Wisch endowed a charitable institution intended to provide accommodation for poor, sick, and bedridden people. The original institution consisted of seven small houses, or almshouses, in Dronningens Tværgade in central Copenhagen. The original almshouses served their purpose for more than two centuries, but the buildings were demolished in 1885 as part of changes to the area. The foundation was then transferred to a purpose-built complex in the developing Vesterbro district, between Vesterbrogade and Istedgade. Designed by architect Hermann Baagøe Storck, the replacement building was completed and inaugurated on 31 October 1886. It contained 31 residences, generally accommodating two women per residence, and included a chapel in its north wing. The building is an early example of Denmark's National Romantic architectural style. Architecturally, the complex is a symmetrical, four-winged red-brick structure organized around an interior courtyard. Its institutional purpose is reflected in its restrained monumentality, repeated residential units, and chapel. In the vestibule are commemorative plaques recording the foundation's origins, the existence of the original almshouses in Dronningens Tværgade, and the 1886 relocation. The building was listed as a protected historic structure in 1980. The charitable foundation was dissolved in 1949, after which the building was transferred to Copenhagen Municipality. It was subsequently used as a refuge for homeless people rather than continuing as the original women's almshouse. The chapel was dismantled in 1969, and parts of its contents were transferred to the Copenhagen City Museum. The foundation's archival records are held by the Copenhagen City Archives at Copenhagen City Hall. The building also became associated with Copenhagen's late twentieth-century housing and protest history. On 31 October 1981, it was occupied by squatters. The occupants left on 14 February 1982, after which the rundown property was refurbished. Abel Cathrines Stiftelse remains significant primarily as a surviving example of historic charitable housing, a documented work by Hermann Baagøe Storck, and a protected element of Copenhagen's urban and social history. It is not a conventional commercial brand, consumer product, or currently operating business.

Abel Cathrines Stiftelse originated in Copenhagen in the seventeenth century as a charitable foundation established by Abel Cathrine von der Wisch. Von der Wisch was probably born in Schleswig or Holstein in 1626 or 1627 and is described as the presumed illegitimate daughter of the nobleman Wolf von der Wisch. She married Hans Hansen Oster, who worked as a bookkeeper at Proviantgården on Slotsholmen and served as an inspector of Queen Sophie Amalie's estates on Lolland and Falster. Her connection to the royal household is reflected in her description as one of the queen's ladies-in-waiting. On 27 December 1675, shortly before her death, von der Wisch used her testament to establish a charitable foundation. It funded seven small houses in Dronningens Tværgade, in central Copenhagen, intended to provide accommodation for poor, sick, and bedridden people. Von der Wisch died on 1 January 1676. The institution became known as Abel Cathrines Stiftelse and continued as a form of endowed housing for people in need. The original almshouses remained in Dronningens Tværgade until the nineteenth century. As Copenhagen expanded and the central area changed, the seven houses were demolished in 1885. The foundation was relocated to Vesterbro, then an emerging district between Vesterbrogade and Istedgade. A new building was designed by Hermann Baagøe Storck and inaugurated on 31 October 1886. The complex provided 31 residences, usually occupied by two women each, and included a chapel in its north wing. Its symmetrical four-wing plan, red-brick construction, and historicist treatment make it an early expression of the National Romantic architectural movement in Denmark. The Vesterbro complex preserved the foundation's social-welfare function while giving it a more substantial institutional setting. Plaques in the entrance vestibule commemorate von der Wisch, the original almshouses, and the 1886 move. They document both the foundation's seventeenth-century origin and the role of municipal assistance in establishing the later building. The institution's original charitable administration ended in 1949, when the foundation was dissolved and the building was transferred to Copenhagen Municipality. Its use changed from endowed accommodation for indigent women to a municipal refuge for homeless people. The chapel was dismantled in 1969, with some of its furnishings or other inventory passed to the Copenhagen City Museum. The foundation's surviving records are preserved at the Copenhagen City Archives in Copenhagen City Hall. The building was listed in 1980, recognizing its architectural and cultural value. Its subsequent history also intersected with Copenhagen's squatting movement. On 31 October 1981, the property was occupied by squatters. The occupation ended on 14 February 1982, and the building was later refurbished. Today, Abel Cathrines Stiftelse is best understood as a protected historic building and a material record of Danish philanthropy, institutional housing, municipal welfare, and urban change. The original foundation itself is no longer an operating charitable organization.

• 1981

  Building occupied by squatters

  [1]Abel Cathrines Stiftelseen.wikipedia.org

  The building was occupied on 31 October and remained squatted until 14 February 1982.

• 1980

  Building listed

  [1]Abel Cathrines Stiftelseen.wikipedia.org

  The Vesterbro building received listed-building protection.

• 1969

  Chapel dismantled

  [1]Abel Cathrines Stiftelseen.wikipedia.org

  The chapel was removed, and portions of its inventory were given to the Copenhagen City Museum.

• 1949

  Foundation dissolved

  [1]Abel Cathrines Stiftelseen.wikipedia.org

  The charitable foundation was dissolved and the building transferred to Copenhagen Municipality.

• 1886

  Vesterbro building inaugurated

  [1]Abel Cathrines Stiftelseen.wikipedia.org

  Hermann Baagøe Storck's replacement building at Abel Cathrines Gade 13 opened on 31 October with 31 residences and a chapel.

• 1885

  Original buildings demolished

  [1]Abel Cathrines Stiftelseen.wikipedia.org

  The almshouses in Dronningens Tværgade were demolished before the foundation moved to a new complex in Vesterbro.

• 1676

  Original almshouses begin operation

  [1]Abel Cathrines Stiftelseen.wikipedia.org

  Following von der Wisch's death on 1 January, the seven houses in Dronningens Tværgade became the foundation's original accommodation.

• 1675

  Foundation established

  [1]Abel Cathrines Stiftelseen.wikipedia.org

  Abel Cathrine von der Wisch established the charitable institution through a testament dated 27 December, funding almshouse accommodation in Copenhagen.

A historic Danish charitable institution and protected architectural landmark associated with almshouse accommodation, social welfare, and Copenhagen's built heritage.

• Charitable housing · 1675

  Dronningens Tværgade almshouses

  The foundation's original accommodation consisted of seven small houses built in Copenhagen in 1675. They provided housing for poor, sick, and bedridden people and remained associated with Abel Cathrines Stiftelse until their demolition in 1885.

• Listed historic building · 1886

  Vesterbro Abel Cathrines Stiftelse building

  Completed in 1886 to a design by Hermann Baagøe Storck, this symmetrical four-winged red-brick complex contained 31 residences, generally housing two women per residence. Its north wing originally included a chapel. The building is an early example of Danish National Romantic architecture and was listed in 1980.

• 1949

  Dissolution and municipal transferOther

  Background

  The charitable foundation ceased to operate as an independent institution.

  Action taken

  The foundation was dissolved and the property was ceded to Copenhagen Municipality.

  Aftermath

  The building was used as a refuge for homeless people, marking a shift from endowed almshouse accommodation to municipal welfare use.

  Source

• 1885

  Relocation from central Copenhagen to VesterbroStrategy

  Background

  The original almshouses in Dronningens Tværgade were demolished after more than two centuries of use.

  Action taken

  The foundation moved its accommodation function to a newly built complex in the developing Vesterbro district.

  Aftermath

  The replacement building opened in 1886 with 31 residences and a chapel.

  Source

1. 1Abel Cathrines Stiftelseen.wikipedia.org