European Network of Election Monitoring Organizations

The European Network of Election Monitoring Organizations (ENEMO) is an international organization and network composed of 22 national election monitoring civil society organizations (CSOs) from 18 countries across Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia, including three European Union countries. Formed in 2001, ENEMO operated as an informal network for 17 years before being formally registered in Montenegro on 11 April 2018. It is the only ENEMO ever registered with an actual Constitutional Protocol, and it functions fully in accordance with that protocol and the national legal system of Montenegro. ENEMO's mission is to promote civil society's involvement in improving electoral processes, greater transparency of governments and their accountability to citizens, and respect for basic human rights and freedoms. It works independently or in cooperation with its member organizations. ENEMO observation missions use international benchmarks and standards for democratic elections as well as the host country's legal framework to assess electoral processes. The organization is capable of deploying missions of various scales in accordance with a proven and reliable methodology. ENEMO and all of its member organizations have endorsed the 2005 Declaration of Principles for International Election Observation and the Declaration of Global Principles for Non-partisan Election Observation and Monitoring by Citizen Organizations. Each ENEMO observer signs the Code of Conduct for International Election Observers. The network aims to improve electoral processes in its region and promote the exchange of experiences and best practices in election monitoring among its member organizations. It also strives to boost transparency, respect for fundamental freedoms, human and political rights, and government accountability. In recent years ENEMO has conducted election observation missions, including to the 2025 Parliamentary Elections in the Republic of Moldova, where it presented interim reports, a statement of preliminary findings and conclusions, and a final report. ENEMO has also publicly condemned attacks against election observers, such as those against ISFED and election observers in Georgia in August 2025. The organization maintains a Central Executive Office (CEO) based in Montenegro, in line with its official registration and Constitutional Protocol.

ENEMO was formed in 2001 as an informal network of national election monitoring non-governmental organizations from Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia. For 17 years it operated without formal registration, functioning as a cooperative network of civil society organizations dedicated to improving electoral processes in the region. During this period, ENEMO conducted election observation missions and promoted the exchange of experiences and best practices among its members. On 11 April 2018, ENEMO was formally registered in Montenegro. It is the only ENEMO ever registered with an actual Constitutional Protocol, and it functions fully in accordance with that protocol and the national legal system of Montenegro. Following registration, the organization began establishing a Central Executive Office (CEO) based in Montenegro, in line with its official registration and Constitutional Protocol. The CEO includes a Department for Democracy and Elections and a Department for Operations. In January 2022, the Secretariat unanimously elected Zlatko Vujovic as Executive Director of ENEMO following an open competitive selection process, in line with the Constitutional Protocol. This was followed by preparations for establishing the Central Executive Office (CEO) of ENEMO, based in Montenegro. During the ENEMO General Assembly held from 26 to 29 May 2022, several organizational changes were adopted. The position of Secretary General was renamed to President of ENEMO, and the Secretariat was renamed to the Governing Board of ENEMO. A new member type—honorary member—was introduced, passed by the required majority of votes. An honorary member is an individual elected as a member of the General Assembly for a period between two General Assemblies to represent an ENEMO full member organization that lost its legal status due to repression of the regime in its country. Also in 2022, the Political Accountability Foundation (PAF) from Poland and Transparency International Anti-Corruption Center (TIAC) from Armenia became associate members. The Center for Research, Transparency and Accountability (CRTA) from Serbia, Kosova Democratic Institute (KDI) from Kosovo, Committee of Voters of Ukraine (CVU) from Ukraine, and Coalition for Democracy and Civil Society (CDCS) from Kyrgyzstan became full members. The Election Monitoring and Democratic Studies Center (EMDS) from Azerbaijan became an honorary member. As of its formal registration and subsequent development, ENEMO has grown to a network of 22 national election monitoring CSOs from 18 countries, including three European Union countries. It continues to deploy election observation missions of various scales, using international benchmarks and standards for democratic elections and the host country's legal framework. In 2025, ENEMO conducted an election observation mission to the Parliamentary Elections in the Republic of Moldova, presenting interim reports, a statement of preliminary findings and conclusions, and a final report. It also condemned attacks against ISFED and election observers in Georgia in August 2025.

• 2025

  ENEMO conducted an election observation mission to the 2025 Parliamentary Elections in Moldova, publishing interim and final reports.

• 2025

  ENEMO condemned attacks against ISFED and election observers in Georgia in August 2025.

• 2022

  Zlatko Vujovic elected Executive Director in January 2022.

• 2022

  General Assembly held 26–29 May 2022; Secretary General renamed President, Secretariat renamed Governing Board; honorary member type introduced.

• 2022

  New members joined: PAF and TIAC as associate members; CRTA, KDI, CVU, CDCS as full members; EMDS as honorary member.

• 2018

  ENEMO formally registered in Montenegro on 11 April 2018.

• 2001

  ENEMO formed as an informal network of national election monitoring CSOs.

Non-partisan international election observation network promoting electoral integrity and government accountability.

• Election observation missions

  International election observation missions using international benchmarks and host country legal frameworks.

• Interim reports

  Reports issued during an election observation mission.

• Preliminary statements

  Statements of preliminary findings and conclusions.

• Final reports

  Final reports published after an election observation mission.

1. 1ENEMO official websiteenemo.org
2. 2ENEMO historyenemo.org
3. 3ENEMO aboutenemo.org
4. 4Wikidatawikidata.org