The Salvation Army

The Salvation Army is an international evangelical Christian movement and charitable organization founded in London in 1865 by William Booth and Catherine Booth. It began as the East London Christian Mission, serving people living in poverty and presenting Christian preaching alongside practical aid. Its military-style terminology, uniforms, ranks, bands, and territorial administration were developed to organize an expanding ministry that sought to reach people outside established churches. The movement adopted the name The Salvation Army in the 1870s and subsequently developed an international structure under territorial and regional commands. Although commonly recognized through its red collection kettles, bell-ringing volunteers, uniformed officers, and thrift stores, the organization is broader than a resale operation. Its stated mission combines evangelism with meeting human needs without discrimination. Programs vary by country and community but may include emergency food and rent assistance, shelters, transitional housing, addiction recovery, employment and family services, youth programs, senior services, community centers, spiritual care, and disaster response. The organization reports a presence in 134 countries and says its services reach millions of people each year. In the United States, The Salvation Army operates through a territorial and divisional system, with local corps and community centers delivering services. Its retail network, branded The Salvation Army Thrift Stores, accepts donated clothing, furniture, household goods, books, and other usable items. Proceeds from donated goods support local programs and, in the United States, are specifically used to help fund Adult Rehabilitation Centers. The resale model gives the organization a recurring funding channel while also extending the useful life of goods and providing low-cost merchandise to shoppers. Fundraising is anchored by the annual Red Kettle Christmas Campaign, which places volunteer bell ringers and collection kettles near retail locations during the holiday season. The campaign has expanded into online kettles, digital advertising, social media, corporate partnerships, mobile experiences, and targeted appeals. Other fundraising and awareness campaigns connect donations with concrete outcomes, such as shelter, food, recovery services, or assistance for families facing hardship. The organization has modernized its communications while retaining a strongly recognizable identity based on service, faith, volunteerism, and local presence. In the United States it appointed LERMA/ as agency of record in 2021 for advertising, public relations, and digital fundraising. Subsequent work has included joyful holiday-giving messaging, digital fundraising on Snapchat, and creative designed to reach people needing services as well as potential donors. In 2026, The Salvation Army's Western Territory was presented as a participant in an AI-enabled retail campaign that used recently sold one-of-a-kind thrift items to create urgency and encourage store visits. The Salvation Army is not a listed commercial company and does not have a public stock ticker. Its international movement and national legal entities operate as nonprofit religious and charitable organizations. Because governance is territorial and leadership titles vary by jurisdiction, the global organization should not be treated as a conventional corporate parent of every local Salvation Army entity. Its best-known consumer-facing commercial activity is the thrift-store network, but that activity is subordinate to the organization's religious and social-service mission. The Salvation Army is an international Christian charitable organization that combines evangelistic ministry with practical social work. It was established in London in 1865 by William Booth and developed from Booth's earlier East London Christian Mission. The movement was created to serve people whom conventional churches and charitable institutions often failed to reach, particularly people experiencing poverty, homelessness, addiction, unemployment, social exclusion, or crisis. The organization is distinctive for its quasi-military vocabulary and structure. Its ordained ministers are commonly called officers, participating members may be called soldiers, and local congregations are often known as corps. This framework supports a centralized but territorially organized international movement. The Salvation Army operates through national and territorial commands, with programs adapted to local legal systems, funding conditions, and community needs. Its work extends well beyond religious services. Depending on the country and local capacity, Salvation Army programs may include food assistance, emergency accommodation, homelessness services, disaster response, refugee and migrant support, addiction rehabilitation, elderly care, services for children and families, employment assistance, community meals, prison-related support, and practical help for people facing financial hardship. Many local units also operate community centers, thrift stores, donation programs, and seasonal assistance initiatives. The organization frequently works with governments, other charities, volunteers, and community groups during emergencies. The Salvation Army's international reach expanded substantially after its foundation in Britain. It established operations in other countries through missionary and social-service activity, eventually developing a presence across multiple continents. Its model has generally paired spiritual outreach with material assistance, reflecting the movement's long-standing emphasis on serving the whole person. Local affiliates may have separate legal entities, boards, fundraising systems, and program priorities while remaining connected to the wider international organization. The organization is funded through a mixture of individual donations, public appeals, grants, bequests, retail and social-enterprise activity, volunteer support, and, in some jurisdictions, government contracts for social services. Because legal structures and reporting practices differ among national organizations, the international body should not be treated as a conventional commercial parent company or publicly traded brand. It is better understood as a global federation of related charitable and religious operations using a common name, identity, mission, and organizational tradition. Today, The Salvation Army remains active in religious ministry and humanitarian work. Its public identity is associated with practical assistance delivered through local communities, recognizable uniforms and brass-band traditions, charitable giving, disaster relief, and programs for people facing poverty or exclusion. The precise services and legal status of a Salvation Army unit vary by country, but the central purpose remains the integration of Christian ministry with direct service to people in need. Fundraising is anchored by the annual Red Kettle Christmas Campaign, which places volunteer bell ringers and collection kettles at retail and public locations during the holiday season. The campaign has been supplemented by online kettles, corporate partnerships, mobile tools, social media, and digital advertising, allowing the organization to preserve a highly visible in-person ritual while adding measurable online donation channels. The Salvation Army's international reach expanded substantially after its foundation in Britain. It established operations in other countries through missionary and social-service activity, eventually developing a presence across multiple continents. Its model has generally paired spiritual outreach with material assistance, reflecting the movement's emphasis on combining Christian ministry with tangible help. The organization later developed a formal international coordinating structure, while national entities retained responsibility for local operations and legal compliance. Across the twentieth century, the movement broadened its social-service portfolio. In different countries it became involved in disaster relief, institutional care, youth work, family assistance, rehabilitation, housing support, community development, and services for older people. Its response to wars, natural disasters, and economic hardship reinforced its image as a practical relief organization. Local programs have varied considerably because they depend on community needs, government policy, donations, volunteers, and available professional expertise. The Salvation Army also developed charitable retail and donated-goods operations in several markets. These activities provide a way to raise funds, distribute clothing and household goods, encourage reuse, and connect the organization with local donors. Seasonal fundraising and public appeals have likewise become important parts of its public presence, although their names, methods, and legal arrangements differ between countries. In the twenty-first century, the organization has invested more heavily in communications and digital fundraising. Its 2021 appointment of LERMA/ as U.S. agency of record reflected an effort to modernize public relations, advertising, and donor engagement. Campaigns such as Give with Joy connected holiday giving with positive emotion, while service-oriented advertising directed people in need toward shelters, food banks, and recovery resources. In 2023, Snapchat advertising extended holiday fundraising to a younger digital audience. A 2026 campaign developed with BarkleyOKRP and presented through Google's creative-AI materials used images of recently sold thrift goods to emphasize the one-of-one nature of resale inventory and encourage immediate store visits. Today, The Salvation Army remains both a church and a major international social-service network. It is not a conventional corporate brand: local and national entities have their own legal and administrative arrangements, and the international movement is organized through territories rather than a public-company holding structure. Its consumer-facing thrift operation is therefore best understood as one funding and community-access channel within a larger faith-based nonprofit system.

The Salvation Army traces its origins to the East London Christian Mission, established in 1865 by William Booth, a Methodist minister, and Catherine Booth. The mission addressed poverty and religious exclusion in London's East End by combining preaching with practical assistance. Its early work was deliberately oriented toward people who were unlikely to attend conventional churches, including people experiencing homelessness, unemployment, addiction, and severe material hardship. The movement adopted an increasingly organized and distinctive structure during the 1870s. It used military language and organization to coordinate evangelistic work, and it became known as The Salvation Army. William Booth served as its first General, while Catherine Booth was a major theological and organizational influence. Uniformed officers, open-air meetings, brass bands, publishing, and disciplined local corps helped the movement expand rapidly. The approach treated social action and religious ministry as connected rather than separate activities. Expansion beyond Britain followed during the late nineteenth century. The Salvation Army established work in other countries through officers and local movements, creating a territorial system that allowed national organizations to administer churches, fundraising, and social programs within a common international framework. The organization eventually developed a presence across much of Europe, North America, Australasia, Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Its international identity remained centralized in doctrine and broad governance but operationally adapted to local needs and laws. In the United States, the organization became associated with disaster relief, Christmas fundraising, shelters, food assistance, and other forms of community support. The Red Kettle Christmas Campaign became one of its most recognizable public traditions: volunteers collect donations outside stores and public locations during the holiday period. The campaign has been supplemented by online kettles, corporate partnerships, mobile tools, social media, and digital advertising. This evolution has allowed the organization to preserve a highly visible in-person ritual while adding measurable online donation channels. Thrift stores became another important part of the U.S. operating and fundraising model. Donated clothing, furniture, household goods, books, and other items are sorted and sold through The Salvation Army Thrift Stores. The proceeds help support programs including Adult Rehabilitation Centers, which provide residential recovery services for people dealing with substance-use disorders. The stores also serve shoppers seeking affordable goods and contribute to reuse by keeping usable products in circulation. The Salvation Army's service portfolio has continued to broaden. Depending on location, programs include emergency food and financial assistance, shelters and transitional housing, homelessness services, addiction recovery, youth development, senior support, disaster response, community meals, utility assistance, and spiritual care. The organization emphasizes local delivery through corps, area commands, divisions, and community centers. Administrative consolidation has periodically been used to pool expertise and resources, as in the formation of California South in 2018 and the Northwest Indiana Area Command in 2022. In the twenty-first century, the organization has invested more heavily in communications and digital fundraising. Its 2021 appointment of LERMA/ as U.S. agency of record reflected an effort to modernize public relations, advertising, and donor engagement. Campaigns such as Give with Joy connected holiday giving with positive emotion, while service-oriented advertising directed people in need toward shelters, food banks, and recovery resources. In 2023, Snapchat advertising extended holiday fundraising to a younger digital audience. A 2026 campaign developed with BarkleyOKRP and presented through Google's creative-AI materials used images of recently sold thrift goods to emphasize the one-of-one nature of resale inventory and encourage immediate store visits. Today, The Salvation Army remains both a church and a major international social-service network. It is not a conventional corporate brand: local and national entities have their own legal and administrative arrangements, and the international movement is organized through territories rather than a public-company holding structure. Its consumer-facing thrift operation is therefore best understood as one funding and community-access channel within a larger faith-based nonprofit system. The Salvation Army originated in London in 1865 through the work of William Booth, a Methodist minister who sought to reach people in the East End who were largely absent from established church life. Booth and his collaborators conducted open-air preaching and practical relief work, organizing their activities through the East London Christian Mission. The movement emphasized direct engagement with working-class communities and people experiencing hardship. The organization adopted the name The Salvation Army in 1878. Along with the new name came a military-inspired system of ranks, uniforms, commands, and terminology. This structure was intended to communicate discipline, mobility, and readiness for service rather than conventional ecclesiastical formality. Members and officers became visible in streets and public spaces, while corps served as local centers for worship, social work, and community activity. A defining feature of the movement was its combination of evangelism and practical assistance. Salvation Army workers established shelters, food programs, employment-related support, and services for people affected by alcohol dependence, poverty, homelessness, and social isolation. The organization also became known for music-making, public collections, volunteerism, and highly visible local initiatives. Its approach helped create a recognizable model in which religious work and organized social provision were closely connected. During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, The Salvation Army expanded beyond Britain. Officers and other workers established operations in additional countries, adapting the movement's programs to local circumstances. International growth produced a network of national and territorial organizations linked by common doctrine, symbols, leadership traditions, and administrative relationships. The organization later developed a formal international coordinating structure, while national entities retained responsibility for local operations and legal compliance. Across the twentieth century, the movement broadened its social-service portfolio. In different countries it became involved in disaster relief, institutional care, youth work, family assistance, rehabilitation, housing support, community development, and services for older people. Its response to wars, natural disasters, and economic hardship reinforced its image as a practical relief organization. Local programs have varied considerably because they depend on community needs, government policy, donations, volunteers, and available professional expertise. The Salvation Army also developed charitable retail and donated-goods operations in several markets. These activities provide a way to raise funds, distribute clothing and household goods, encourage reuse, and connect the organization with local donors. Seasonal fundraising and public appeals have likewise become important parts of its public presence, although their names, methods, and legal arrangements differ between countries. In the contemporary period, The Salvation Army operates as a global Christian charity rather than a conventional multinational corporation. Its international network includes religious congregations, social-service agencies, community centers, fundraising operations, and humanitarian programs. It continues to address poverty, homelessness, disaster impacts, addiction, family instability, and other forms of social vulnerability. The organization remains recognizable for its uniforms, brass-band heritage, quasi-military administration, and emphasis on combining Christian ministry with tangible assistance.

• 2023

  First reported Snapchat advertising campaign

  [4]The Salvation Army Snapchat Success Storyforbusiness.snapchat.com

  The organization used Snapchat advertising for holiday fundraising and later increased investment based on campaign performance.

• 2022

  Northwest Indiana Area Command established

  [8]Northwest Indiana Area Command establishedbuildingindiana.com

  Lake and Porter county operations were combined into a new area command.

• 2021

  LERMA/ appointed U.S. agency of record

  [3]The Salvation Army Announces New Marketing Partnerprnewswire.com

  The U.S. organization selected LERMA/ for integrated advertising, public relations, and digital fundraising work.

• 2018

  California South Division created

  [7]California South Division createdsan-diego.salvationarmy.org

  Southern California and Sierra Del Mar divisions were reunified into a larger California South Division.

• 1878

  The Salvation Army name adopted

  [1]About The Salvation Armysalvationarmyusa.org

  The movement adopted its Salvation Army identity and developed the military-style structure that became central to its public character.

• 1865

  East London Christian Mission founded

  [1]About The Salvation Armysalvationarmyusa.org

  William Booth founded the mission in London's East End to combine Christian preaching with practical service to people facing poverty and exclusion. William Booth began the mission in London that formed the institutional and spiritual basis of The Salvation Army.

• International expansion

  [6]Salvation Army International Headquarterssalvationarmy.org

  The organization expanded from Britain into a wide international network of national and territorial operations.

A faith-based, service-oriented nonprofit that links evangelism, community assistance, and volunteer action. Its thrift stores position donated goods as a practical route to funding rehabilitation and local social services, while its wider brand emphasizes immediate help, dignity, local accessibility, and year-round support. A faith-based international charity positioned around practical service, community presence, emergency response, and support for people experiencing poverty or crisis.

• apparel-resale

  The Salvation Army Thrift Stores

  A network of donation-based resale stores offering second-hand clothing, furniture, household goods, books, appliances, and miscellaneous merchandise. In the United States, proceeds from donated goods support Adult Rehabilitation Centers and related social services. The stores combine low-cost retail access, reuse, volunteer involvement, and fundraising for the broader Salvation Army mission.

• addiction-recovery-services

  Adult Rehabilitation Centers

  Residential recovery and rehabilitation services for people dealing with substance-use disorders. In the U.S. thrift-store model, donated-goods revenue is directed toward supporting these centers and their rehabilitation programs.

• holiday-fundraising

  Red Kettle Christmas Campaign

  The Salvation Army's signature seasonal fundraising program, featuring volunteer bell ringers and collection kettles at retail and public locations. The campaign also includes online donation tools and digital advertising intended to help local communities during the holiday season and beyond.

• disaster-relief

  Emergency Disaster Services

  Emergency-response work that can include meals, hydration, emotional and spiritual care, supplies, and support for communities affected by disasters. Delivery is organized through local and territorial Salvation Army structures.

• Humanitarian and social services

  Emergency relief and food assistance

  Local Salvation Army organizations provide food, clothing, household goods, emergency grants, community meals, and other forms of immediate assistance. The exact offer differs by country and may be delivered through corps, community centers, food programs, or partnerships with public agencies and other charities.

• Housing and homelessness support

  Homelessness and accommodation services

  Programs may include emergency shelters, transitional accommodation, outreach, case management, meals, and referrals to health, employment, or housing services. Provision is organized by national and local entities and therefore varies substantially across markets.

• Emergency management

  Disaster relief and recovery

  The Salvation Army responds to disasters and other emergencies with meals, supplies, emotional and spiritual care, volunteer coordination, and longer-term recovery assistance. Its response commonly operates alongside governments, emergency agencies, and partner charities.

• Health and rehabilitation support

  Addiction recovery services

  In some countries, Salvation Army entities operate rehabilitation and recovery programs for people affected by alcohol or drug dependence. Services can include residential support, counseling, work-related rehabilitation, community programs, and continuing-care assistance.

• Charitable retail

  Thrift retail and donated-goods programs

  Charitable shops and donated-goods operations sell or distribute donated clothing, furniture, household items, and other products. Depending on local rules, proceeds support social programs while usable goods may be provided directly to people in need.

• Religious and community services · 1865

  Christian worship and community ministry

  Corps and other local centers provide worship, pastoral care, Bible teaching, youth activity, music, volunteer engagement, and community gatherings. These religious activities are integrated with the organization's broader social-service mission.

• 2026The Thrift That Got Away

  United States

  Developed with BarkleyOKRP, the campaign used AI-assisted creative production and recently sold thrift items rather than available inventory. It framed the loss of a one-of-one find as a reason to visit a store quickly.

  Outcome. The campaign was presented as a way to turn out-of-stock inventory into store traffic and to make scarcity the central creative idea.

  Source
• 2023Snapchat holiday fundraising

  United States

  The organization used Snap Ads featuring families and children to encourage support for local families during the holiday period, then increased spending and applied more detailed conversion measurement.

  Outcome. Snapchat reported 43.2 million impressions, a 1.5-times increase in return on advertising spend, and a 22.3 percent decrease in cost per click.

  Source
• 2021LERMA/ partnership

  United States

  The Salvation Army USA appointed LERMA/ to modernize advertising, public relations, and digital fundraising communications.

  Outcome. The partnership supported subsequent holiday, social, and digital campaigns.

  Source
• 2010Service-access advertising

  United States

  A U.S. advertising initiative placed unconventional messages in public spaces to direct people experiencing homelessness, food insecurity, or addiction toward nearby Salvation Army services.

  Outcome. The campaign emphasized reaching prospective service users rather than focusing only on donor acquisition.

  Source
• 2009Red Kettle Christmas Campaign and Online Kettle

  United States

  The annual bell-ringing campaign was supported by an expanded online kettle, banner advertising, corporate partnerships, and a mobile donation experience. The U.S. organization shifted some traditional radio spending toward online communications.

  Outcome. The campaign broadened the kettle tradition into digital fundraising and online peer-to-peer participation.

  Source

• 2022

  Creation of Northwest Indiana Area CommandStrategy

  Background

  Lake and Porter county operations were administered through different territorial structures and were targeted for more coordinated service delivery.

  Action taken

  The operations were merged into one Northwest Indiana Area Command within the Indiana Division.

  Aftermath

  Existing facilities in Munster, East Chicago, Gary, and Valparaiso continued serving residents while resources and personnel were pooled.

  Source

• 2021

  Appointment of LERMA/ as communications partnerStrategy

  Background

  The U.S. organization wanted to strengthen culturally informed communications, public relations, and digital fundraising.

  Action taken

  After an agency review, The Salvation Army USA named LERMA/ its agency of record.

  Aftermath

  The partnership produced later holiday, social-media, and donor-engagement work.

  Source

• 2018

  Reunification of Southern California divisionsStrategy

  Background

  The organization sought to coordinate services and administration across Southern California and the Sierra Del Mar region.

  Action taken

  It combined the two divisions into the California South Division, with headquarters in Long Beach and regional offices in San Diego and Orange County.

  Aftermath

  The new division continued local programs while creating a larger administrative and service footprint.

  Source

• 2026.08.25

  Reported2026.08.25

  Aldi launches back-to-school coat appeal with The Salvation Army and InPost UK[11]Aldi与救世军及InPost UK合作发起返校外套捐赠活动retailtimes.co.uk

  Aldi launched a week-long back-to-school coat appeal in partnership with The Salvation Army and InPost UK, allowing shoppers to donate children's coats and other clothing via The Salvation Army's Donate by Post service at participating InPost Lockers in more than 600 Aldi stores across the UK from 25 August to 1 September 2026.

• 2021.09.21

  Reported2021.09.21

  Community Coffee announces Hurricane Ida relief sales campaign[12]Community Coffee宣布飓风艾达赈灾销售活动myneworleans.com

  Community Coffee Company announced that it would donate 10 percent of retail sales proceeds from Community coffee products, up to $250,000, to support The Salvation Army’s Hurricane Ida relief efforts in Louisiana. The stated sales period was September 13 through October 28.

• 2021.04.06

  Reported2021.04.06

  Salvation Army plans War on Hunger fundraiser[13]救世军计划开展“抗击饥饿”募捐活动14news.com

  The Salvation Army is sponsoring its War on Hunger fundraiser, scheduled for Friday in front of six Schnucks Market locations in the Evansville area; 14 News said it would broadcast live from one location.

  Weekdays and relative dates follow the original report; their exact calendar dates have not been verified.

• 2021.03.27

  Reported2021.03.27

  WBRC partners with iHeartRadio and the Salvation Army for tornado relief[14]WBRC与iHeartRadio及救世军合作救助龙卷风灾民wbrc.com

  WBRC partnered with iHeartRadio and the Salvation Army to help provide relief to people affected by storms in Alabama.

• Unconfirmed

  Reported2020.12.15

  Entegrus donates $280,000 to community organizations[15]Entegrus向社区机构捐赠28万加元parisstaronline.com

  Entegrus donated $280,000 to the United Way of Chatham-Kent and Salvation Army organizations to support people in need during the pandemic.

• 2020.11.27

  M&T Bank announces return of Gift of Warmth campaign[16]M&T Bank宣布“Gift of Warmth”募捐活动回归observertoday.com

  M&T Bank announced that its Gift of Warmth warm-clothing collection campaign would return, with donations accepted at 64 area branches through Jan. 8. The Salvation Army and the Buffalo Bills are participating in the campaign.

• 2020.11.20

  Reported2020.11.20

  Hy-Vee stores donate Thanksgiving meals in Rochester[17]Hy-Vee门店向罗切斯特捐赠感恩节餐食postbulletin.com

  Area Hy-Vee stores donated 400 bagged Thanksgiving meals to the Salvation Army in Rochester for distribution to people in need.

• 2020.07.28

  Reported2020.07.28

  American 1 sponsors the Salvation Army's Red Shield Benefit[18]American 1赞助救世军Red Shield Benefit活动k1053.com

  American 1 announced a $5,000 donation to the Salvation Army of Jackson's Red Shield Benefit and became the event's presenting sponsor. The 2020 event was scheduled to take place virtually on August 31.

• 2020.04.24

  Trade Me opens Kindness Store to support charities[19]Trade Me开设Kindness Store支持慈善机构scoop.co.nz

  Trade Me opened its Kindness Store, a curated page where customers can purchase items needed by charities, working with Women’s Refuge, Red Cross, City Mission, Age Concern, Variety – the Children’s Charity and The Salvation Army.

• 2020.04.02

  Reported2020.04.02

  WMBF News partners with The Salvation Army for Carolina Cares[20]WMBF News与救世军合作开展Carolina Cares项目wmbfnews.com

  WMBF News partnered with The Salvation Army on Carolina Cares, a campaign focused on helping people in need. The campaign kicked off Thursday morning, when Beach Automotive presented a $15,000 donation.

  Weekdays and relative dates follow the original report; their exact calendar dates have not been verified.

Read more(12)

1. 1About The Salvation Armysalvationarmyusa.org
2. 2The Salvation Army Thrift Storessatruck.org
3. 3The Salvation Army Announces New Marketing Partnerprnewswire.com
4. 4The Salvation Army Snapchat Success Storyforbusiness.snapchat.com
5. 5How one retailer used AI to turn out-of-stock into in-store trafficbusiness.google.com
6. 6Salvation Army International Headquarterssalvationarmy.org
7. 7California South Division createdsan-diego.salvationarmy.org
8. 8Northwest Indiana Area Command establishedbuildingindiana.com
9. 9Red Kettle Christmas Campaign and Online Kettledmnews.com
10. 10Service-access advertisingphilcooke.com
11. 11Aldi与救世军及InPost UK合作发起返校外套捐赠活动retailtimes.co.uk
12. 12Community Coffee宣布飓风艾达赈灾销售活动myneworleans.com
13. 13救世军计划开展“抗击饥饿”募捐活动14news.com
14. 14WBRC与iHeartRadio及救世军合作救助龙卷风灾民wbrc.com
15. 15Entegrus向社区机构捐赠28万加元parisstaronline.com
16. 16M&T Bank宣布“Gift of Warmth”募捐活动回归observertoday.com
17. 17Hy-Vee门店向罗切斯特捐赠感恩节餐食postbulletin.com
18. 18American 1赞助救世军Red Shield Benefit活动k1053.com
19. 19Trade Me开设Kindness Store支持慈善机构scoop.co.nz
20. 20WMBF News与救世军合作开展Carolina Cares项目wmbfnews.com
21. 21Acuity向六家慈善机构捐赠50万美元biztimes.com
22. 22Brad Pistotnik Law 赞助 Toy Mountainprnewswire.com