Sea Diamond

MS Sea Diamond was a cruise ship whose operational history spanned the Baltic Sea and the eastern Mediterranean. The vessel was constructed in Finland by the state-owned Valmet shipbuilding company for Birka Line. Although associated with the Sea Diamond name during its final period of service, it began its career as Birka Princess, a Baltic cruiseferry designed for short international voyages between Sweden and Finland. Delivered in the mid-1980s, Birka Princess operated primarily on 24-hour cruises between Stockholm and Mariehamn in the Åland Islands. The ship also undertook longer Baltic itineraries during the summer season, visiting destinations such as Turku, Helsinki and Tallinn. Its original configuration included a modest car deck for approximately 80 vehicles, a feature reflecting the hybrid ferry-and-cruise character of much Baltic passenger shipping. The vessel was built to the 1A ice-class standard used for many ships operating in northern European waters. The ship received an extensive refit at Lloyd Werft in Germany in 1999. The work altered the forward superstructure, added passenger accommodation and introduced 62 additional cabins, including cabins positioned above the bridge. During the 1990s and early 2000s, the vessel also gained cultural visibility because its exterior was used to represent the fictional ship MS Freja in the Swedish television soap opera Rederiet. After the delivery of the newer Birka Paradise in 2004, Birka Princess was assigned new two-night Baltic cruises and a weekly short cruise. Those itineraries did not perform as expected, and the vessel was laid up at Mariehamn in January 2006 and offered for sale. It was subsequently acquired by the Cyprus-based Louis Cruise Lines. The new operator prepared it for Mediterranean service, including the installation of an outdoor swimming pool and enlargement of the sundeck. The vessel was renamed Sea Diamond and entered the Louis fleet under the Maltese flag, later operating with a Greek registration connection through Piraeus. At the time of the disaster, ownership was attributed to the Malta-based company Elona Maritime Ltd. On 5 April 2007, while carrying 1,153 passengers, Sea Diamond struck a volcanic reef near Nea Kameni inside the caldera of Santorini. The vessel took on water and developed a substantial starboard list. Most passengers were evacuated over several hours, but two French nationals, Jean Christophe Allain and his 16-year-old daughter Maud, remained missing and were presumed dead. The ship sank shortly before 7 April 2007? No: shortly before 7:00 p.m. local time on 6 April 2007, settling stern-first in deep water close to the island. The sinking generated criminal, civil, environmental and navigational disputes. Greek authorities charged the captain and five officers with negligence and alleged breaches of maritime safety rules. Later proceedings resulted in prison sentences for the captain and an insurance-company employee, while separate litigation involved passengers, the operator and insurers. Investigators recovered the vessel's voyage data recorder, and competing technical accounts examined whether the official nautical chart accurately represented the reef and water depth. Environmental concerns focused on fuel remaining in the wreck and the long-term presence of the ship on the seabed. Although residents and officials repeatedly called for removal, the wreck remained in place; government statements cited the very high cost of salvage. Sea Diamond therefore survives primarily as the name of a lost cruise vessel and a major Greek maritime-disaster case, rather than as an active commercial brand.

Sea Diamond was built as Birka Princess by Valmet at its Vuosaari shipyard in Helsinki for Birka Line. Construction began in the mid-1980s, and the vessel entered service in the Baltic passenger-ferry market after delivery in the mid-1980s. Its principal role was the Stockholm–Mariehamn 24-hour cruise, supplemented by seasonal Baltic voyages and a small vehicle-carrying capability. The ship was ice-classed for northern European operations and combined ferry utility with cruise accommodation. From 1992 through 2002, the vessel's exterior appeared as the fictional MS Freja in the Swedish television series Rederiet. In 1999, Lloyd Werft carried out a major modernization in Germany. The forward superstructure was reshaped and 62 cabins were added, including accommodation above the bridge. In 2004, the arrival of Birka Paradise changed the ship's commercial position. Birka Princess was moved to longer two-night itineraries linking Stockholm with Turku, Helsinki and Tallinn, alongside a shorter weekly cruise. The revised program was unsuccessful, and the ship was laid up at Mariehamn in January 2006. Louis Cruise Lines purchased the vessel in February 2006. It was adapted for Mediterranean cruising at Turku Repair Yard in Naantali, where an outdoor pool was installed and the sun-deck area expanded. Renamed Sea Diamond, it joined the Louis fleet and operated under Maltese registration, with ownership attributed to Elona Maritime Ltd and a registration connection to Piraeus. On 5 April 2007, Sea Diamond ran aground on a volcanic reef east of Nea Kameni in Santorini's caldera. The impact caused substantial flooding and a list of up to approximately 12 degrees. Evacuation took around three and a half hours. Two French passengers, Jean Christophe Allain and his daughter Maud, were never recovered and were presumed dead. The vessel sank shortly before 7:00 p.m. on 6 April, coming to rest in water ranging from roughly 62 metres at the bow to as much as 180 metres at the stern. The disaster led to criminal prosecutions, passenger litigation and continuing arguments about chart accuracy, shipboard safety and responsibility for the wreck. The vessel's voyage data recorder was recovered by divers and remotely operated equipment. A survey commissioned by the defense alleged that the reef's position and depth differed materially from the official nautical chart used at the time; later hydrographic work reportedly supported important elements of that claim. The case also had an environmental dimension because fuel remained aboard the wreck. Some fuel was removed in 2009, but the wreck continued to concern Santorini residents and Greek authorities. Calls for salvage persisted, while official statements emphasized the enormous cost. Announcements about possible raising of the wreck did not restore the ship to service, and Sea Diamond remains a wreck rather than an operating vessel.

• 2017

  Government announces wreck-raising intention

  [1]MS Sea Diamonden.wikipedia.org

  The Merchant Marine Ministry said the wreck should be raised for environmental and navigational reasons.

• 2009

  Fuel removal from wreck

  [1]MS Sea Diamonden.wikipedia.org

  Fuel recovery operations were undertaken to limit pollution risk.

• 2007

  Grounding and sinking at Santorini

  [1]MS Sea Diamonden.wikipedia.org

  The ship struck a reef on 5 April and sank the following day; two passengers remained missing.

• 2006

  Sold and renamed Sea Diamond

  [1]MS Sea Diamonden.wikipedia.org

  Louis Cruise Lines acquired the vessel, adapted it for Mediterranean service and renamed it Sea Diamond.

• 1999

  Major Lloyd Werft refit

  [1]MS Sea Diamonden.wikipedia.org

  The forward structure was modified and 62 cabins were added.

• 1986

  Birka Princess enters Baltic service

  [1]MS Sea Diamonden.wikipedia.org

  The ship began operating short Baltic cruises, especially between Stockholm and Mariehamn.

• 1984

  Construction begins for Birka Line

  [1]MS Sea Diamonden.wikipedia.org

  Valmet built the vessel at its Vuosaari shipyard in Helsinki for Birka Line.

A passenger cruise vessel positioned first as a Baltic cruiseferry and later as a Mediterranean cruise ship.

• Baltic cruise ferry · 1986

  Birka Princess

  The vessel's original identity and operating configuration. Birka Princess carried passengers and a limited number of vehicles on Baltic routes, chiefly short cruises between Stockholm and Mariehamn, with longer seasonal itineraries to other Finnish, Swedish and Baltic destinations. It was built to operate in northern waters and later received a substantial accommodation and superstructure refit.

• Mediterranean cruise ship · 2006

  Sea Diamond

  The renamed vessel operated Mediterranean cruises for Louis Cruise Lines after refurbishment at Turku Repair Yard. The work added an outdoor pool and enlarged the sun deck. Its final service ended when it grounded near Santorini on 5 April 2007 and sank on 6 April.

• 2007

  Grounding, fatalities and safety investigation

  The Santorini disaster resulted in two missing passengers, criminal charges against the captain and five officers, environmental concerns and prolonged disputes over navigation, watertight integrity and responsibility for the wreck.

  Source

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• 2007

  Replacement vessel acquired after sinkingOther

  Background

  The loss of Sea Diamond removed a ship from the Louis Cruise Lines fleet.

  Action taken

  Louis Cruise Lines acquired M/S Silja Opera and renamed it M/S Cristal.

  Aftermath

  The replacement entered the operator's fleet after the disaster.

  Source

• 2006

  Conversion from Baltic ferry service to Mediterranean cruisingStrategy

  Background

  Birka Princess had been laid up after revised Baltic itineraries proved unsuccessful.

  Action taken

  Louis Cruise Lines bought the vessel, refurbished its leisure facilities and renamed it Sea Diamond for Mediterranean deployment.

  Aftermath

  The vessel operated in the Mediterranean until the Santorini grounding and sinking in April 2007.

  Source

1. 1MS Sea Diamonden.wikipedia.org